Randomized Trial of Machine Perfusion Versus Cold Storage in Recipients of Deceased Donor Kidney Transplants With High Incidence of Delayed Graft Function.

Background: This study compared the use of static cold storage versus continuous hypothermic machine perfusion in a cohort of kidney transplant recipients at high risk for delayed graft function (DGF).

Methods: In this national, multicenter, and controlled trial, 80 pairs of kidneys recovered from brain-dead deceased donors were randomized to cold storage or machine perfusion, transplanted, and followed up for 12 months. The primary endpoint was the incidence of DGF.

Medullary nephritis in the diagnosis of acute cellular rejection.

Background: The purpose of this study was to understand the role of lymphomononuclear inflammation (nephritis) in the renal allograft medulla of transplant recipients with acute dysfunction, by comparing the immunophenotype of inflammatory cells present in the medulla and cortex of kidney graft biopsies.

Method: This is a retrospective study of 113 renal allograft needle biopsies, presenting with medullary nephritis, divided into two groups according to the main location of nephritis: in cortical and medullary regions (corticomedullary nephritis) or exclusively in the medullary region (medullary nephritis). We performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) of the cells composing the inflammatory foci, using anti-CD4, CD8, CD20, CD68, and CD138 antibodies, respectively for T-helper cells, cytotoxic T cells, B lymphocytes, macrophages and plasmocytes.

Effect of staphylococcal enterotoxin B injection on the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: influence of cytokine and inducible nitric oxide synthase production.

Possible mechanisms involved in the protective effect of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) injection on the subsequent development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) were investigated. Only partial clonal deletion and anergy of Vbeta8 + T-lymphocytes were documented after myelin basic protein immunization in SEB injected mice. Brain permeability was not influenced.

Increased mortality and impaired clonal deletion after staphylococcal enterotoxin B injection in old mice: relation to cytokines and nitric oxide production.

In the present study peripheral T cell tolerance and the occurrence of shock were evaluated in young and old mice after injection of Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). In young mice SEB immunization leads to tolerance based on deletion and anergy of SEB-reactive V beta 8+ T cells. With aging, mice developed resistance to SEB-induced deletion of V beta 8+ T cells as well as a high sensitivity to toxic shock.

Effect of treatments with cyclosporin A and anti-interferon-gamma antibodies on the mechanisms of immune tolerance in staphylococcal enterotoxin B primed mice.

The authors were interested to investigate the effect of Cyclosporin A (CsA), known to block interleukin-2 (IL-2) production, or of anti-interferon-gamma antibodies (anti-IFN-gamma Abs) in a model of T cell tolerance induced by the injection of the superantigen Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) in BALB/c mice. After SEB immunization, tolerance was mainly achieved through deletion and anergy of SEB-reactive V beta 8+ T cells. Association of CsA treatment with SEB led to a greater decrease of the percentage of V beta 8+ CD4+ lymphocytes in the spleen and an abolition of clonal energy.