Detection of human unannotated microproteins by mass spectrometry-based proteomics: a community assessment.

Thousands of short open reading frames (sORFs) are translated outside of annotated coding sequences. Recent studies have pioneered searching for sORF-encoded microproteins in mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics and peptidomics datasets. Here, we assessed literature-reported MS-based identifications of unannotated human proteins.

Characterization of the nucleoside monophosphate kinase from Thermus thermophilus phage p23-45 and its application in the biosynthesis of deoxynucleoside triphosphates.

Nucleoside monophosphate kinases (NMKs) are essential enzymes in nucleotide biosynthesis. In this study, an NMK from Thermus thermophilus phage p23-45 (ϕNMK) was overexpressed and characterized, which exhibited relatively low sequence similarity (∼20%) to cellular NMKs. The enzyme demonstrated broad specificity for all four deoxynucleoside monophosphates (dNMPs) (KM: 0.

Sit is not lit: Examining the impact of message framing, modality, and peer influence on attitudes and intentions to reduce sedentary behavior.

This study examines the effects of gain-loss framing, messaging modality, peer influence, and individual factors such as social norms and self-efficacy on the attitudes and intentions to reduce sedentary behaviors among university students, specifically through (a) taking breaks and (b) taking 10,000 steps daily. We conducted a two-week health campaign field experiment on Instagram in January 2022, delivering ten posts with tailored messages to 284 university students in Singapore (valid N = 249). The participants were predominantly female (70.

Human pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia shape neuronal morphology and enhance network activity in vitro.

Background: Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, play a critical role in maintaining neuronal health, but are often overlooked in traditional neuron-focused in vitro models.

New Method: In this study, we developed a novel co-culture system of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived microglia and neurons to investigate how hPSC-derived microglia influence neuronal morphology and network activity. Using high-content morphological analysis and multi-electrode arrays (MEA), we demonstrate that these microglia successfully incorporate into neuronal networks and modulate key aspects of neuronal function.