Publications by authors named "L M Fowler"
As the earliest measure of social communication in rodents, ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) in response to maternal separation are critical in preclinical research on neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). While sex differences in both USV production and behavioral outcomes are reported, many studies overlook sex as a biological variable in preclinical NDD models. We aimed to evaluate sex differences in USV call parameters and determine if USVs are differently impacted based on sex in the preclinical maternal immune activation (MIA) model.
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- The audit aimed to assess and improve the completeness and accuracy of the National Joint Registry (NJR) dataset specifically for elbow arthroplasty surgeries.
- In a two-phase approach, Phase 1 compared NJR data with NHS England Hospital Episode Statistics (HES), identifying thousands of unmatched and inaccurate records, particularly for radial head arthroplasties (RHAs).
- Phase 2 involved collaboration among 142 NHS hospitals to correct and update records, resulting in an improved completeness of the NJR dataset from 63% to 93% and accuracy from 94% to 98%.
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- Type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk is notably higher among non-Hispanic black (NHB) and Hispanic individuals, and this study investigates whether genetic factors contribute to these racial disparities.
- The research involved analyzing genetic risk scores associated with T2D pathways in a sample of 361 US adults, revealing that NHB participants exhibited higher scores for β-cell and proinsulin function, suggesting significant differences in T2D etiology among racial groups.
- The findings indicate that impaired β-cell function is a key factor for NHB individuals, while issues such as liver dysfunction and insulin resistance are more prevalent in both NHB and Hispanic populations, potentially guiding future personalized treatment strategies for T2D.
Background: Virtual reality (VR) shows promise for supporting behavior change in children. This study used user-centered design to translate key tenets of behavioral health interventions into VR for children aged 6-12 years and their caregivers and examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the VR experience in a pilot parallel, two-group randomized controlled trial (RCT).
Methods: The VR experience incorporates psychoeducational content from evidence-based behavioral health interventions using voiceover and an interactive go-kart game related to the concepts of "food as fuel" and nutrition guidelines.
On 19 January 2020, the first case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection was identified in the United States, with the first cases in South Carolina confirmed on 06 March 2020. Due to initial limited testing capabilities and potential for asymptomatic transmission, it is possible that SARS-CoV-2 may have been present earlier than previously thought, while the immune status of at-risk populations was unknown. Saliva from 55 South Carolina emergency healthcare workers (EHCWs) was collected from September 2019 to March 2020, pre- and post-healthcare shifts, and stored frozen.
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