Modifiers and their impact on inherited retinal diseases: a review.

Background: The phenotypic variability of inherited conditions can be due to several factors including environmental, epigenetic, and genetic. One of those genetic factors is the presence of modifying loci which alter the phenotypic expression of a primary disease or phenotype-causing variant. Modifiers are known to affect penetrance, dominance, expressivity, and pleiotropy of disease.

COVID-19 pandemic and the neurodevelopment of Brazilian infants: Analysis of predictors according to the Nurturing Care Framework.

Introduction: Concerns have been raised about the potential negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on child development; this issue can be analyzed using the Nurturing Care Framework (NCF).

Objective: To analyze the predictors of neurodevelopment at 12 months in infants born during the pandemic in Brazil, according to the NCF.

Methods: It is a longitudinal case-control study involving 284 infants born between April and August 2021.

Physical Activity and Pregnancy Norms Among Daasanach Semi-Nomadic Pastoralist Women in Northern Kenya.

Objectives: In subsistence populations, high physical activity is typically maintained throughout pregnancy. Market integration shifts activity patterns to resemble industrialized populations, with more time allocated to sedentary behavior. Daasanach semi-nomadic pastoralists living in northern Kenya face lifestyle heterogeneity due to the emergence of a market center.

Fresh produce-associated foodborne disease outbreaks in Australia, 2001 to 2017.

Fresh produce is an important source of foodborne outbreaks in Australia. Using descriptive analysis, we examined confirmed and suspected foodborne outbreaks associated with fresh produce in Australia recorded in the OzFoodNet outbreak register from 2001 to 2017. The outbreak register contains reports of foodborne disease outbreaks collected by OzFoodNet epidemiologists and public health officials.