Comparison of ELISA and IFAT for Leishmania infantum by European and Middle Eastern diagnostic laboratories.

Background: Visceral leishmaniosis (VL) is the most severe form of human leishmaniosis, with an estimated 95% case fatality if left untreated. Dogs act as peridomestic reservoir hosts for the protozoan parasite Leishmania infantum, a causative agent for human leishmaniosis, endemic throughout the Mediterranean basin. To assure consistent and accurate surveillance of canine infection and prevent transmission to people, consistent diagnosis of canine L.

Caffeine intake during gestation and lactation causes long-term behavioral impairments in heterogenic mice offspring in a sex-dependent manner.

Growing evidence has indicated a potential association between maternal consumption of caffeine and impaired cognition and behavior in rodent offspring. However, potential sex differences, as well as caffeine-related effects in subsequent generations are still poorly investigated. We aimed to investigate the impact of pre-and/or neonatal exposition to caffeine on the neurodevelopment of male and female mice offspring.

Determination of Nisin Concentration to Control in Cooked Ham.

contamination may occur after thermal processing of cooked ham. This study aimed to determine the effective nisin concentration to inhibit the growth of . Two batches of ham were prepared by adding 12.

Effects of altrenogest supplementation in late lactation on reproductive performance of primiparous sows.

Genetic selection for hyperprolific sows resulted in higher proportion of low birthweight piglets and greater birthweight variation within the litter, increasing preweaning mortality. There is evidence that altrenogest supplementation improves post-weaning reproductive performance through higher ovulation rates, and increased embryo survival. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of altrenogest supplementation during the last week of lactation in primiparous sows on subsequent reproductive performance.

Conceptual Model on Access to Food in the Favela Food Environment.

The inequalities of Brazilian society are amplified in favelas, affecting access to basic sanitation, health, education services, and food. More research is needed to better understand the favela food environment and propose appropriate public food and nutrition policies to increase the availability of and access to healthy food. In this context, this study aimed to develop a conceptual model of the relationship between access to food and the favela food environment and its determinants.