Observational prospective study to determine the association and diagnostic utility of salivary nitrites levels in periodontitis.

Aim: There has been found that patients with chronic periodontitis showed higher salivary concentrations of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) than healthy subjects. However, only a study from elderly Koreans has reported that high salivary RNS concentrations are associated independently with periodontitis. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine whether salivary nitrites concentrations are associated with periodontitis controlling risk factors in other populations (such as European population).

A genome-wide association study of adults with community-acquired pneumonia.

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is associated with high morbidity and hospitalization rate. In infectious diseases, host genetics plays a critical role in susceptibility and immune response, and the immune pathways involved are highly dependent on the microorganism and its route of infection. Here we aimed to identify genetic risk loci for CAP using a case-control genome-wide association study (GWAS).

Surveillance and prevention of healthcare-associated infections: best practices to prevent ventilator-associated events.

Introduction: Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) leads to an increase in morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. In addition to increased evidence from the latest European and American guidelines (published in 2017 and 2022, respectively), in the last two years, several important clinical experiences have added new prevention tools to be included to improve the management of VAP.

Areas Covered: This paper is a narrative review of new evidence on VAP prevention.