Mini-endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (mini-ECIRS) for complex urolithiasis.

Introduction: To miniaturize endourological procedures, mini-Endoscopic Combined Intrarenal Surgery (mini-ECIRS) has emerged as a promising alternative in the treatment of complex kidney and ureteral stones. To date, some data available in the literature have shown good outcomes regarding effectiveness and safety. This study aimed to evaluate the results and postoperative complications of mini-ECIRS in our series.

Prognostic Significance of PD-L1 Expression on Circulating Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in NSCLC Patients Treated with Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Even though anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have improved survival, a high percentage of patients still do not respond to ICIs. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are circulating cells that express PD-L1 and can infiltrate and proliferate in the tumor microenvironment, inducing immunosuppression. By evaluating changes in PD-L1 expression of live peripheral blood MDSCs, we are able to define a new PD-L1 index, useful in predicting ICI escape in NSCLC patients before initiating anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.

Anterograde placement of drug-coated balloon for ureteroileal anastomosis stricture.

We describe a case of ureteral stricture after radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder. The patient presented 4 months after laparoscopic radical cystectomy with intracorporeal orthotopic ileal neobladder, with fever and left lower back pain.Laboratory analysis showed leucocytosis and elevated C reactive protein and creatine levels.

Bulk lysis procedures alter target cell population counts.

To achieve high-sensitivity cell measurements (<1 in 10 cells) by flow cytometry (FCM), the minimum number of acquired cells must be considered and conventional immunophenotyping protocols fall short of these numbers. The bulk lysis (BL) assay is a standardized erythrocyte lysing approach that allows the analysis of the millions of cells required for high-sensitivity measurable residual disease (MRD) detection. However, this approach has been associated with significant cell loss, along with potential over or underestimates of rare cells when using this method.