Spatiotemporal network dynamics and structural correlates in the human cerebral cortex in vitro.

Elucidating human cerebral cortex function is essential for understanding the physiological basis of both healthy and pathological brain states. We obtained extracellular local field potential recordings from cortical slices of neocortical tissue from refractory epilepsy patients. Multi-electrode recordings were combined with histological information, providing a two-dimensional spatiotemporal characterization of human cortical dynamics in control conditions and following modulation of the excitation/inhibition balance.

GRADE-based procalcitonin guideline for emergency departments.

Procalcitonin is a useful biomarker for infection. Over the past two decades, there has been much research on the clinical applications of procalcitonin, yet the majority of these studies have been conducted in the intensive care setting. Despite the extensive use of procalcitonin in emergency departments, there have been no guidelines focusing specifically on these clinical settings.

Predicting mortality in hospitalized influenza patients: integration of deep learning-based chest X-ray severity score (FluDeep-XR) and clinical variables.

Objectives: To pioneer the first artificial intelligence system integrating radiological and objective clinical data, simulating the clinical reasoning process, for the early prediction of high-risk influenza patients.

Materials And Methods: Our system was developed using a cohort from National Taiwan University Hospital in Taiwan, with external validation data from ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda in Italy. Convolutional neural networks pretrained on ImageNet were regressively trained using a 5-point scale to develop the influenza chest X-ray (CXR) severity scoring model, FluDeep-XR.

Brain state identification and neuromodulation to promote recovery of consciousness.

Experimental and clinical studies of consciousness identify brain states (i.e. quasi-stable functional cerebral organization) in a non-systematic manner and largely independent of the research into brain state modulation.