[Expression of BTLA/HVEM axis in hematological and prospects for immune target therapy].

B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is an inhibitory immune checkpoint, which typically interacts with herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) and plays a crucial role in regulating immune balance. BTLA interacts with its ligand HVEM in a cis manner on the surface of the same immune cell to maintain immune tolerance, while trans interactions on the surface of different immune cells mediate immunosuppressive effects. Dysregulation of the BTLA/HVEM axis can impair the functions of immune cells, particularly T lymphocytes, promoting immune escape of tumor cells and ultimately leading to tumor progression.

Comprehensive analysis pinpoints CCNA2 as a prognostic and immunological biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Lung cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite advances in targeted and immunotherapies, overall survival (OS) rates remain suboptimal. Cyclin-A2 (CCNA2), known for its upregulation in various tumors and role in tumorigenesis, has an undefined function in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

The role of mitophagy-related genes in prognosis and immunotherapy of cutaneous melanoma: a comprehensive analysis based on single-cell RNA sequencing and machine learning.

Mitophagy, the selective degradation of mitochondria by autophagy, plays a crucial role in cancer progression and therapy response. This study aims to elucidate the role of mitophagy-related genes (MRGs) in cutaneous melanoma (CM) through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and machine learning approaches, ultimately developing a predictive model for patient prognosis. The scRNA-seq data, bulk transcriptomic data, and clinical data of CM were obtained from publicly available databases.

Investigating lung cancer microenvironment from cell segmentation of pathological image and its application in prognostic stratification.

Lung cancer, particularly adenocarcinoma, ranks high in morbidity and mortality rates worldwide, with a relatively low five-year survival rate. To achieve precise prognostic assessment and clinical intervention for patients, thereby enhancing their survival prospects, there is an urgent need for more accurate stratification schemes. Currently, the TNM staging system is predominantly used in clinical practice for prognostic evaluation, but its accuracy is constrained by the reliance on physician experience.

Unlocking soybean meal pectin recalcitrance using a multi-enzyme cocktail approach.

Pectin is a complex plant heteropolysaccharide whose structure and function differ depending on its source. In animal feed, breaking down pectin is essential, as its presence increases feed viscosity and reduces nutrient absorption. Soybean meal, a protein-rich poultry feed ingredient, contains significant amounts of pectin, the structure of which remains unclear.