Early Immunomodulatory Program Triggered by Protolerogenic Bifidobacterium pseudolongum Drives Cardiac Transplant Outcomes.

Background: Despite ongoing improvements to regimens preventing allograft rejection, most cardiac and other organ grafts eventually succumb to chronic vasculopathy, interstitial fibrosis, or endothelial changes, and eventually graft failure. The events leading to chronic rejection are still poorly understood and the gut microbiota is a known driving force in immune dysfunction. We previously showed that gut microbiota dysbiosis profoundly influences the outcome of vascularized cardiac allografts and subsequently identified biomarker species associated with these differential graft outcomes.

A Bacteriophage Cocktail Targeting Provides Strong Post-Exposure Protection in a Rat Pneumonic Plague Model.

, one of the deadliest bacterial pathogens ever known, is responsible for three plague pandemics and several epidemics, with over 200 million deaths during recorded history. Due to high genomic plasticity, is amenable to genetic mutations as well as genetic engineering that can lead to the emergence or intentional development of pan-drug resistant strains. The dissemination of such strains could be catastrophic, with public health consequences far more daunting than those caused by the recent COVID-19 pandemic.

Effective Treatment of Intramammary Infection in a Murine Model Using the Bacteriophage Cocktail StaphLyse™.

causes intramammary infections (IMIs), which are refractory to antibiotic treatment and frequently result in chronic mastitis. IMIs are the leading cause of conventional antibiotic use in dairy farms. Phage therapy represents an alternative to antibiotics to help better manage mastitis in cows, reducing the global spread of resistance.