Genes involved in the cholecystokinin receptor signaling map were differentially expressed in the jejunum of steers with variation in residual feed intake.

The jejunum is a critical site for nutrient digestion and absorption, and variation in its ability to take up nutrients within the jejunum is likely to affect feed efficiency. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in gene expression in the jejunum of beef steers divergent for residual feed intake (RFI) in one cohort of steers (Year 1), and to validate those genes in animals from a second study (Year 2). Steers from Year 1 ( = 16) were selected for high and low RFI.

Association of and variants with bovine congestive heart failure in feedlot cattle.

Background: Bovine congestive heart failure (BCHF) has become increasingly prevalent among feedlot cattle in the Western Great Plains of North America with up to 7% mortality in affected herds. BCHF is an untreatable complex condition involving pulmonary hypertension that culminates in right ventricular failure and death. Genes associated with BCHF in feedlot cattle have not been previously identified.

Genetic parameters for carcass traits of progeny of beef bulls mated to dairy cows.

Beef × dairy crossbred cattle (n = 615) were used to evaluate the effect of preharvest indicator traits and genotypes on the accuracy of estimated breeding values (EBVs) of seedstock candidates for selection. Genotypes for 100,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms were provided by the American Simmental Association of purebred and crossbred seedstock animals (n = 2,632). Five hundred and ninety-five of the 615 beef × dairy cattle had carcass camera and ultrasound data.

Socioemotional Development of Infants and Toddlers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Importance: Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's socioemotional development is critical to plan for ongoing needs in the early intervention and education systems.

Objective: To determine if Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition (ASQ-3) and Ages and Stages Questionnaire Social-Emotional, Second Edition (ASQ:SE-2) scores changed during the COVID-19 pandemic among families served by a nurse-visiting program.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective, cohort study took place from 2015 through 2021 and included 4 cohorts (prepandemic, pandemic 1, pandemic 2, and pandemic 3) with differing pandemic exposure at the time of screening.

Early detection of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis with artificial intelligence.

Artificial intelligence (AI) was developed to distinguish cattle by their muzzle patterns and identify early cases of disease, including infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK). It was tested on 870 cattle in four locations, with 170 developing IBK. The AI identified 169 of the 170 cases prior to their identification by veterinarians, and another 17 cases that remained free of IBK signs (sensitivity = 99.