Why are pregnant women in Togo reluctant to undergo caesarean section? A systematic inventory of motives.

This study explored the reasons underlying pregnant women's reluctance to undergo cesarean sections in Togo, despite its importance in reducing maternal and neonatal mortality. A total of 397 pregnant women who expressed hesitancy toward cesarean sections were enrolled during routine prenatal care visits at the country's largest hospital. They completed a questionnaire comprising 72 statements addressing potential reasons for hesitancy toward cesarean sections.

Why are African immigrants in Montreal reluctant to use mental health services?: a systematic inventory of reasons.

Purpose: Previous research has shown that non-Caucasian immigrants in Western countries are less likely than native-born people to use mental health services. This study examined the reasons underlying reluctance to use mental health services among African immigrants in Montreal, Canada.

Methods: The study participants were 280 African immigrants who had experienced symptoms suggesting depression but did not use formal mental health services.

French lay Persons' judgments of the possibility of a heart attack when experiencing various physical manifestations.

Background: The aim of the study was to characterize the different ways in which, based on certain physical manifestations that an individual suddenly experiences, people judge the possibility that these manifestations indicate the onset of a heart attack.

Methods: One hundred ninety-four French adults--plus six physicians--were presented with a set of realistic vignettes composed by orthogonally crossing the levels of four factors: the type of pain felt, and the presence or absence of nausea, excess sweating, and of difficulty breathing.

Results: Four qualitatively different reactions were found among the lay people.

Patients' Positions on the Degree of Trust to be Placed in Physicians.

Patient-physician relationship is ideally based on mutual trust. Trust usually takes times to build but can quite instantaneously be destroyed as a result of a single action or a single misperception. This study examined the way patients conceptualize the relationship between trust in a physician and perceived competency, honesty and openness, and personal involvement in care.

Judging the possibility of the onset of diabetes mellitus type 2 from reported behavioral changes and from family history.

Background: Undiagnosed type 2 diabetes is common and can lead to unrecognized health complications. Given that earlier detection can reduce the damage to vital organs, it is important for all persons to be able to make the connection between certain new manifestations in their bodies and the possibility of diabetes. This study examined the extent to which people use the behavioral changes they observe in others (or in themselves), as well as relevant family history, to judge the possibility of the onset of diabetes.