Too hot! Preventing, recognizing and managing heat injury in children.

Climate change-related extreme heat events leading to public health emergencies are increasing in Canada and expected to affect more regions, more frequently and for longer time periods. Children, city dwellers and marginalized populations are amongst the most vulnerable to morbidity and mortality related to extreme heat. Paediatricians can provide caregivers and families with advice to minimize risks as well as advocate for safer city planning and harm mitigation strategies.

Submicrometer-sized nonspherical particle separation by laser beam.

The radiation pressure exerted on sub-micrometer-size particles is shown to be an important factor predetermining the impact coordinates of the particles after being illuminated by a laser beam. Unlike spherical particles, the nonspherical ones can be deflected perpendicularly to the beam direction if the momentum transfer from the laser beam to a particle is large enough. Such an optical sorting is a useful technology, which can be used to isolate spherules of a specific size from a population of particles of random sizes and shapes.

Optics of hemispherical top dome and its effect on tubular light guide efficiency: diffuse light case.

To predict the energetic effectiveness of a tubular light guide accurately, a theoretically founded approach has to be used rather than any empirical approximation. The computed illuminance below a light guide can become inaccurate if neither Fresnel's equations nor realistic optical path lengths in a cupola are taken into consideration. It is shown that incorporation of both of them into a theoretical model results in lowered luminous flux below the light guide.