[Diagnostic challenges of pediatric gliomas; the role of molecular profiling in everyday diagnostics].

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic challenges and molecular aspects of pediatric gliomas, among the most common brain tumors in children, focusing on improving early detection and personalized treatment strategies.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of recent literature, examining current diagnostic techniques, including imaging and histopathological analysis, alongside molecular profiling methods such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) and methylation profiling.

Results: The findings highlight significant diagnostic challenges due to the heterogeneity of pediatric gliomas.

Case report: Initial atypical skeletal symptoms and dental anomalies as first signs of Gardner syndrome: the importance of genetic analysis in the early diagnosis.

Gardner syndrome is a rare genetic cancer predisposition disorder characterized by intestinal polyposis, multiple osteomas, and soft and hard tissue tumors. Dental anomalies are present in approximately 30%-70% of patients with Gardner syndrome and can be discovered during routine dental examinations. However, sometimes the diagnosis is challenging due to the high clinical variability and incomplete clinical picture.

Clinicopathological analysis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma using molecular biomarkers: a retrospective analysis from 7 Hungarian centers.

Background: The clinical and genetic heterogeneity of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) presents distinct challenges in predicting response to therapy and overall prognosis. The main objective of this study was to assess the application of the immunohistochemistry- and interphase fluorescence hybridization (FISH)-based molecular markers in the diagnosis of DLBCL and its prognostic value in patients treated with rituximab-based immunochemotherapy.

Methods: This is a multicenter, retrospective study, which analyzed data from 7 Hungarian hematology centers.

L. and (L.) Merr. & L. M. Perry Essential Oils Inhibit Endotoxin-Induced Airway Hyperreactivity despite Aggravated Inflammatory Mechanisms in Mice.

Scots pine (SO) and clove (CO) essential oils (EOs) are commonly used by inhalation, and their main components are shown to reduce inflammatory mediator production. The aim of our research was to investigate the chemical composition of commercially available SO and CO by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and study their effects on airway functions and inflammation in an acute pneumonitis mouse model. Inflammation was evoked by intratracheal endotoxin and EOs were inhaled three times during the 24 h experimental period.