Prehabilitation approaches for gastrointestinal cancer surgery: a narrative review.

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients undergoing surgery are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition, which can significantly impact surgical outcomes. Prehabilitation interventions encompassing nutritional, physical, and psychosocial support have gained attention for their potential to mitigate these risks. However, the efficacy of multidisciplinary prehabilitation programs in this context remains underexplored.

Incorporation of doxorubicin into plant-derived nanovesicles: process monitoring and activity assessment.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an experimental class of drug carriers. Alternative sources of EVs are currently being explored to overcome limitations related to their manufacturing from mesenchymal stem cells. In this work, derived EVs were tested as carriers for the widely used chemotherapeutic drug - doxorubicin (DOX).

The impact of mGlu2 or mGlu5 receptor activators on the production of l-arginine derivatives and the expression of PRMT5 or DDAH1 enzymes in animal models of cognitive decline.

l-arginine derivatives (ADMA, SDMA, NMMA) are endogenous inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO֗) production, which is essential in critical brain processes including blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and long-term potentiation (LTP). ADMA and NMMA are degraded by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) and protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is an emerging epigenetic enzyme that mainly represses transcription of target genes via symmetric dimethylation of arginine residues. There is no data concerning the impact of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu) ligands on this aspect of brain physiology.

The Yin and Yang of hsa-miR-1244 expression levels during activation of the UPR control cell fate.

Regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis plays a critical role in maintaining cell survival. When ER stress occurs, a network of three pathways called the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated to reestablish homeostasis. While it is known that there is cross-talk between these pathways, how this complex network is regulated is not entirely clear.

Urolithin A Ameliorates the TGF Beta-Dependent Impairment of Podocytes Exposed to High Glucose.

Increased activity of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a key factor mediating kidney impairment in diabetes. Glomerular podocytes, the crucial component of the renal filter, are a direct target of TGF-β action, resulting in irreversible cell loss and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Urolithin A (UA) is a member of the family of polyphenol metabolites produced by gut microbiota from ellagitannins and ellagic acid-rich foods.