Poly(vinyl chloride)/Nanocarbon Composites for Advanced Potentiometric Membrane Sensor Design.

Polymer nanocomposites filled with carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) are a hot topic in materials science. This article discusses the current research on the use of these materials as interfacial electron transfer films for solid contact potentiometric membrane sensors (SC-PMSs). The results of a comparative study of plasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (pPVC) matrices modified with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), fullerenes-C60, and their hybrid ensemble (SWCNTs-C60) are reported.

Potentiometric quantitation of general local anesthetics with a new highly sensitive membrane sensor.

The detection of local anesthetic drugs is of great importance in the analysis of pharmaceutical, clinical and forensic samples. This paper reports a simple and sensitive potentiometric assay suitable for detecting general local anesthetics (LAs) of two types, namely: amino ester-anesthetics (procaine) and amino amide-anesthetics (lidocaine, articaine). As a detector, a new highly sensitive sensor based on a poly(vinyl chloride)-matrix membrane incorporating ion-pair complexes of protonated procaine with 2-[bis-octadecyl-sulfonic)-closo-decaborate is used.

A New Electrochemical Sensor for Direct Detection of Purine Antimetabolites and DNA Degradation.

The development of a reliable electrochemical sensor using a hybrid nanocomposite consisting of ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) functionalized graphene oxide (GrO-IL) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) stabilized by chitosan (Chit) was described. The new sensor, labelled as GrO-IL-AuNPs-Chit/CSE, exhibited an improved electrocatalytic response to cancer drugs such as purine antimetabolites (6-thioguanine, 6-mercaptopurine, and azathioprine) in a wide concentration range with a low detection limit (20-40 nmol·L, S/N = 3), and satisfactory recoveries (97.1-103.

Water-soluble polymers for spectrophotometric and flow injection determination of cobalt with nitroso-R-salt.

The water-soluble polymers poly(ethylenimine), quaternized poly(ethylenimine), and poly-4-vinyl-(N-benzyltrimethyl) ammonium chloride were found to be able to change the kinetics of the reaction of cobalt with nitroso-R-salt and the optical density of the cobalt complex formed. The optimum pH range for the complex formation was a wide range from 1 to 10 and at pH 2 the reaction developed instantly. The calibration graph was linear in the range 0.

Flow injection potentiometric determination of total antioxidant activity of plant extracts.

A new flow injection potentiometric (FIP) method, rapid, reproducible and simple to apply, has been developed for the in vitro evaluation of antioxidative capacity of aqueous plant extracts. This method is based on the transient negative signal measurements with a flow-type platinum electrode detector due to the composition change of a [Fe(CN)6]3-/[Fe(CN)6]4- redox-reagent solution. The variables affecting the signal height such as composition and concentration of redox-reagent, injected sample volume, flow rates of carrier and redox-reagent solution streams were studied in details and the conditions were optimized.