PKM splice-switching ASOs induce upregulation of dual-specificity phosphatases and dephosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Pyruvate kinase M isoform 2 (PKM2) is preferentially expressed in nearly all cancers. It primarily functions as the last enzyme in glycolysis, but has other reported non-canonical functions, including recruiting transcription factors to oncogenes, and phosphorylating proteins. We previously described antisense oligonucleotides that disrupt alternative splicing of PKM pre-mRNA (PKM-ASOs), resulting in a PKM2-to-PKM1 isoform switch in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which reduces HCC growth in vitro and in vivo.

Endocrine and metabolic alterations in response to systemic inflammation and sepsis: a review article.

Severe sepsis is cognate with life threatening multi-organ dysfunction. There is a disturbance in endocrine functions with alterations in several hormonal pathways. It has frequently been linked with dysfunction in the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA).

Novel BN-COOH@ZrO/GO Composite for Enhanced Electrical Conductivity and Electrochemical Detection of Diclofenac.

The ZrO-embedded carboxy-functionalized -BN composite, combined with graphene oxide (GO), formed a novel BN-COOH@ZrO/GO composite. Structural characterization through IR, Raman spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy supported the successful preparation of the composite, while scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed its surface morphology and the presence of component materials. UV-vis spectroscopy (solid state) further supported these findings.

Ribose-induced advanced glycation end products reduce the lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster by changing the redox state and down-regulating the Sirtuin genes.

Advanced Glycation End (AGE) products are one such factor that accumulates during aging and age-related diseases. However, how exogenous AGE compounds cause aging is an area that needs to be explored. Specifically, how an organ undergoes aging and aging-related phenomena that need further investigation.

Complete percutaneous repair of Tetralogy of Fallot in adult: a case report.

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common congenital cyanotic heart disease and is characterized by an antero-superior deviation of the infundibular septum with a consequent large malaligned ventricular septal defect (VSD) and a pulmonary and sub-pulmonary (infundibular) stenosis. Surgical repair has been the cornerstone of treatment that is electively performed early in their lives between 3 and 6 months of age. With advancements in transcatheter interventions, the complete percutaneous repair of TOF, a complex disease with multiple treatable lesions, is becoming a conceivable possibility.