Rapid parallel measurements of macroautophagy and mitophagy in mammalian cells using a single fluorescent biosensor.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in many human diseases and occurs in normal aging. Mitochondrial health is maintained through organelle biogenesis and repair or turnover of existing mitochondria. Mitochondrial turnover is principally mediated by mitophagy, the trafficking of damaged mitochondria to lysosomes via macroautophagy (autophagy).

Eversion technique for carotid endarterectomy.

Since April 1991, we have used the eversion technique to perform carotid endarterectomy in 31 consecutive procedures. There were no operative deaths in the current series, and no neurologic complications have been observed. We believe this technique decreases the possibility of early and late restenosis and recommend it for patients requiring carotid endarterectomy.

Cardiac evaluation following heart injury.

Both penetrating and blunt cardiac injuries require urgent management. Delayed sequelae and complications have been reported to occur in 4 to 56% of survivors and frequently required secondary surgical corrections. Between January 1980 and June 1984, 204 patients presented with heart injuries.

Extraction of chronically infected transvenous pacemaker leads: report of an unusual problem.

This is a report of a patient with an impacted, chronically infected transvenous pacemaker lead whose management was complicated by the presence of a functioning contralateral transvenous pacemaker. Treatment included sustained traction on the infected lead, a left subcostal thoracotomy for placement of new sutureless epicardial leads, and retrograde right iliac vein cannulation for final snare removal of the mobilized lead. The patient is currently free of infection, and has normal pacemaker function.