Prenatal and Postnatal Exposure to Antibiotics and the Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in Finnish Children: A Registry-based Study.

Objective: To study whether prenatal and postnatal exposure to antibiotics is associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes in childhood.

Study Design: This case cohort study included 2869 children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes by the end of 2009 who were born between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2008, in Finland and a reference cohort (n = 74 263) representing 10% of each birth cohort. Exposure to antibiotics was assessed in different time periods.

Pregnancies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus during 2000-2018 in Finland: a case-control study.

Objectives: The aim was to investigate, how pregnancies proceed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared to their individually matched population controls.

Material And Methods: Adult incident SLE patients were identified from the register of new special reimbursement decisions for SLE drugs in 2000-2014. For each patient, 1-3 randomly selected controls from the Population Register Centre were matched.

Declining salinity and increasing temperature reduce the diversity and resilience of benthic diatoms.

Climate change will modify the marine ecosystem in several ways, but the effects of changing climate on benthic diatoms, which are one of the most important photosynthesizing organism groups in benthic habitats, are poorly studied. We conducted a mesocosm experiment to investigate the effects of increasing temperature and decreasing salinity on the taxonomic and functional diversity of benthic diatoms. We showed that decreasing salinity affects the taxonomic and functional composition of communities, and the threshold salinity for community composition is ~5.

Psychiatric disorders in paediatric-onset immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a nationwide Danish study.

Objectives: To investigate the frequency of psychiatric disorders before and after onset of paediatric-onset immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (pIMID).

Study Design: In a nationwide study from 1996 to 2018, we investigated psychiatric disorders in patients with paediatric-onset inflammatory bowel diseases, autoimmune liver diseases and rheumatic diseases, using Danish national healthcare and population registers. Each case was matched with up to 10 controls from the background population.

Risk Factors of Cancer in Pediatric-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Denmark and Finland.

Objectives: Pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease (pIBD) increases the risk of developing several different cancer forms. In this case-control study, we aimed to assess the impact of medical treatment and disease activity on the risk of developing disease-associated cancer (DAC) and treatment-associated cancer (TAC).

Methods: In a previous study, we identified 27 cases of DAC (colorectal cancer, small bowel cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma) and 28 TAC (lymphoma and skin cancer) in 6689 patients with pIBD in Denmark and Finland during the period 1992-2015.