Cross-Sectional Analysis of Commonly Prescribed Medications in Military Aviation.

Background: Medication use by naval aviators, either prescription or over-the-counter, is not always relayed to the flight surgeon, resulting in unsafe flying environments. Many medications have debilitating effects that prohibit their use during aviation. Education and availability of resources on approved medications for flight status personnel is lacking.

Aeromedical Risk Assessment of Pharmaceuticals Using Evidence-Based Medicine.

Background: Using concepts from evidence-based medicine, systems theory, and risk assessment, a standardized model was developed to accept or reject medications for use in flight. The model calculates the risk scores of medications, which can then be compared to an organization's acceptable risk tolerance.

Methods: Risk scores for each medication were established by summing the products of incidence rates and severity scores for all published side effects.

A randomized, controlled trial of radiograph ordering for extremity trauma in a pediatric emergency department.

Study Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine whether triage nurses using the Brand protocol would order fewer radiographs than would physicians carrying out standard practice procedures, without missing an increased number of joint or bone injuries; the test characteristics and the interobserver reliability of the Brand protocol; and whether having triage nurses order radiographs could reduce total patient waiting time in the emergency department.

Design: Randomized, controlled trial.

Setting: The ED of a free-standing children's hospital with approximately 55,000 visits annually.

Death in the city. An American childhood tragedy.

Objective: To look at trends in mortality and homicide rates in a specific metropolitan area, comparing the urban and suburban mortality trends.

Design: Descriptive study of mortality rates. Linear regression determined whether changes in mortality rates over time represented significant trends.

Randomized trial of salbutamol in acute bronchiolitis.

To test whether nebulized salbutamol (albuterol) is safe and efficacious for the treatment of young children with acute bronchiolitis, we enrolled 83 children (median age 6 months, range 1 to 21 months) in a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Participants received two treatments at 30-minute intervals of either nebulized salbutamol (0.10 mg/kg in 2 ml 0.