Is exposure to a climate-related disaster associated with recent experiences of intimate partner violence among women? A post hoc analysis of survey data from rural Samoa.

Background: There is growing evidence that climate-related disasters increase rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women. However, there are only limited understandings of the size and nature of such associations needed to inform appropriate programming. Gaps in evidence are particularly pronounced in the Pacific-one of the regions most at risk of increased disasters from climate change.

Autophagy repression by antigen and cytokines shapes mitochondrial, migration and effector machinery in CD8 T cells.

Autophagy shapes CD8 T cell fate; yet the timing, triggers and targets of this process are poorly defined. Herein, we show that naive CD8 T cells have high autophagic flux, and we identify an autophagy checkpoint whereby antigen receptor engagement and inflammatory cytokines acutely repress autophagy by regulating amino acid transporter expression and intracellular amino acid delivery. Activated T cells with high levels of amino acid transporters have low autophagic flux in amino-acid-replete conditions but rapidly reinduce autophagy when amino acids are restricted.

Performance, metabolism and nitrogen use efficiency in dairy cows fed low protein, legume silage-based diets: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The primary focus of low CP diets and the inclusion of legume silages for dairy cows is to decrease feed costs and mitigate the environmental impact of milk production. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary CP level on the performance, metabolism, and N use efficiency (NUE; g milk N output/kg N intake) of dairy cows fed legume-based rations. A total of 36 production trials with 102 treatment means were included, and the effect of dietary CP level was estimated using the raw-mean difference between control (high CP) and low CP diets.

Spatial unfolding of an extended La-140 source within a 0.5 km-wide exclusion zone using Compton gamma imaging measurements.

Results from applying an advanced spatial-unfolding technique to outdoor-trial data acquired with a Silicon photomultiplier-based Compton Telescope for Safety and Security (SCoTSS) gamma imager during perimeter survey of a distributed La-140 source lying within a 500 m x 500 m exclusion zone are presented. A synthetic-data version of the experiment was also modelled using Monte Carlo simulations and reconstructed. For both experimental and synthetic data the method faithfully reproduces the shape of the activity distribution, and for synthetic data the total activity is reproduced as well.