[Participation of GDNF, LIMK1 signal pathways and heat shock proteins in processes of Drosophila learning and memory formation].

Molecular mechanisms of the synapse and dendrite maintenance and their disturbance in psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are intensively studied in searching for target genes of therapeutic actions. It is suggested that glia, alongside with well-studied pre- and postsynaptic neurons, is the third, poorly studied partner in synaptic transmission (the tripartite synapse) that is involved in the positive feedback between the first two partners. This bidirectional coupling between presynaptic neurons and their postsynaptic targets involve neurotrophins (NTF), such as glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) that is produced LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1, the key enzyme of actin remodeling).

A new population of calretinin-positive cells, presumptively neurons, with polymorphous spines in the mouse forebrain.

An immunohistochemical reaction was used to study the locations of calretinin-positive cells on frontal sections of the anterior part of the mouse cerebral cortex. A previously undescribed population of cells with a characteristic structure was found at the anterior horns of the lateral ventricles. These cells had small (8-10 microm) round bodies giving rise to one and occasionally two nodose processes bearing rare polymorphous spines (PS) and thickenings of irregular shape.

[A novel population of calretinin-positive, presumably non-neuronal, cells with the polymorphous spines in mouse forebrain].

Using the immunocytochemical method, the localization of calretinin-positive cells was studied in the frontal sections of anterior portion of the mouse cerebral hemispheres. The population of cells with a characteristic structure, that was not described previously, was detected in the area of anterior horns of lateral brain ventricles. These cells have small (8-10 microm) rounded perikarya which gave rise to 1 or, rarely, 2 nodose processes covered with widely spaced, polymorphous spines (PS) and irregular thickenings.

Hypothalamic proline-rich polypeptide enhances bone marrow colony-forming cell proliferation and stromal progenitor cell differentiation.

The AGAPEPAEPAQPGVY proline-rich peptide (PRP-1) was isolated from neurosecretory granules of the bovine neurohypophysis; it is produced by N. supraopticus and N. paraventricularis.