-Derived β-Glucan Capsules as a Delivery System for DNA Vaccines.

Background/objectives: DNA vaccines are rapidly produced and adaptable to different pathogens, but they face considerable challenges regarding stability and delivery to the cellular target. Thus, effective delivery methods are essential for the success of these vaccines. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of capsules derived from the cell wall of the yeast as a delivery system for DNA vaccines.

Performance, nutrient digestibilities, and metabolic profiles of Holstein calves fed whole milk or milk replacer at two feeding levels.

The macronutrient composition of common milk replacers (MR) largely differs from bovine whole milk (WM). These differences are more nutritionally relevant when calves receive higher milk allowances. Therefore, the present study compared fresh WM with a conventional MR fed at 2 level of feeding allowances evaluating growth performance, apparent total-tract nutrient digestibilities, nitrogen (N) balance, and serum metabolite profiles in calves.

Influence of vibration duration on the quality of boar semen doses packed in bags or tubes.

As previous data showing the negative impact of semen agitation during transport on sperm quality was obtained only in tube-type packages, this study aimed to compare two packages for boar semen dose (bag or tube) submitted to different agitation times. Ejaculates from thirty different boars were diluted in BTS extender, packed in bags or tubes in split sample, and submitted to agitation for 0, 6, or 12 h at 100 rpm at 17 ºC. Semen doses were stored for up to 168 h and evaluated for quality traits.

Assessing advances in three decades of clinical antiretroviral therapy on the HIV-1 reservoir.

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved the clinical management of HIV-1 infection. However, little is known about how the latest ART recommendations affect the heterogeneity of HIV-1 reservoir size.

Methods: We used a complete statistical approach to outline parameters underlying diversity in HIV-1 reservoir size in a cohort of 892 people with HIV-1 (PWH) on suppressive ART for >3 years.

Temporal trends in neonatal mortality in Pernambuco.

Objective: To verify the temporal trend of neonatal mortality in the health regions of Pernambuco between 2000 and 2020.

Method: A time-series ecological study was conducted, analyzing the total neonatal mortality rate and its early and late components. For regression analysis, Joinpoint Regression was applied, trends were classified, and annual and average percentage changes were calculated for the period, with a significance level of 95%.