Bupivacaine concentrations in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of patients during spinal anaesthesia.

Background: Data on bupivacaine concentrations in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) during spinal anaesthesia are scarce. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of bupivacaine in the lumbar CSF of patients with an adequate level of spinal anaesthesia after injection of plain bupivacaine 0.5%.

Bupivacaine concentrations in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid in patients with failed spinal anaesthesia.

Background: Spinal anaesthesia (SA) has high success rates. However, inadequate block after SA has been reported even in the absence of technical problems. Various mechanisms for failed SA (FSA) have been proposed, but reports of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of local anaesthetics (LA) after FSA are scarce.

A cross-functional service-oriented architecture to support real-time information exchange in emergency medical response.

Real-time information communication presents a persistent challenge to the emergency response community. During a medical emergency, various first response disciplines including Emergency Medical Service (EMS), Fire, and Police, and multiple health service facilities including hospitals, auxiliary care centers and public health departments using disparate information technology systems must coordinate their efforts by sharing real-time information. This paper describes a service-oriented architecture (SOA) that uses shared data models of emergency incidents to support the exchange of data between heterogeneous systems.

The advanced health and disaster aid network: a light-weight wireless medical system for triage.

Advances in semiconductor technology have resulted in the creation of miniature medical embedded systems that can wirelessly monitor the vital signs of patients. These lightweight medical systems can aid providers in large disasters who become overwhelmed with the large number of patients, limited resources, and insufficient information. In a mass casualty incident, small embedded medical systems facilitate patient care, resource allocation, and real-time communication in the advanced health and disaster aid network (AID-N).

[Laryngopharyngeal morbidity following general anaesthesia. Anaesthesiological and laryngological aspects].

Laryngeal and pharyngeal complaints are among the subjective problems most frequently reported by patients after general anaesthesia involving endotracheal intubation, others being pain, nausea and vomiting. Hoarseness, sore throat, and vocal cord injuries restrict patients' social lives, and in some cases also their working lives. The most frequent types of laryngeal injury are swollen mucosa and haematoma of the vocal cords.