Detection and antifungal susceptibility testing of oral Candida dubliniensis from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.

Context: Candida dubliniensis, an opportunistic yeast that has been implicated in oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) in patients infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) may be under-reported due to its similarity with Candida albicans. Resistance to Fluconazole is often seen in C. dubliniensis isolates from clinical specimens.

Significance of isolation and drug susceptibility testing of non-Candida albicans species causing oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV patients.

Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) continues to be a common opportunistic infection in patients infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and is predictive of increasing immunosuppression. Though Candida albicans remains the predominant isolate, a rise in the frequency of isolation of non-albicans Candida (NAC) species is being observed. The levels of virulence and the sensitivities to available antifungal drugs vary among these species.

Listeria monocytogenes meningitis: an uncommon opportunistic infection in HIV/AIDS.

Objective: To report an interesting case of meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes meningitis in an HIV seropositive individual.

Materials & Methods: A previously healthy 45 years old HIV seropositive man, presented with atypical clinical features of meningitis. Blood and Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were obtained for biochemical and microbiological investigations.

Subconjunctival dirofilariasis in India.

Human dirofilariasis caused by Dirofilaria repens, have been reported to occur widely throughout Asia, Europe and Africa. Reports of this infection from India are however limited. Herein we report a case of subconjunctival dirofilariasis from Karnataka state of India.