MADOR: a new tool to calculate decrease of effective doses in human after DTPA therapy.

Abstract models have been developed to describe dissolution of Pu/Am/Cm after internal contamination by inhalation or wound, chelation of actinides by diethylene triamine penta acetic acid (DTPA) in different retention compartments and excretion of actinide-DTPA complexes. After coupling these models with those currently used for dose calculation, the modelling approach was assessed by fitting human data available in IDEAS database. Good fits were obtained for most studied cases, but further experimental studies are needed to validate some modelling hypotheses as well as the range of parameter values.

Treatment of actinide exposures: a review of Ca-DTPA injections inside CEA-COGEMA plants.

Calcium diethylenetriamine pentacetate (Ca-DTPA) has been used for medical treatment of plutonium and americium contaminations in the CEA and COGEMA plants from 1970 to 2003. This paper is a survey of the injections Ca-DTPA administered as a chelating molecule and it will be a part of the authorisation process for Ca-DTPA by intravenous administration. Out of 1158 injections administered to 469 persons, 548 events of possible or confirmed contamination were reported.

Modelling of bioassay data from a Pu wound treated by repeated DTPA perfusions: biokinetics and dosimetric approaches.

The aim of this study is to model plutonium (Pu) excretion from the analysis of a well-documented Pu wound case involving repeated diethylene-triamine-penta-acetic acid (DTPA) perfusions up to 390 d and monitoring up to 3109 d. Three modelling approaches were simultaneously applied involving: (1) release of soluble Pu from the wound, estimated with the ICRP66 dissolution model, (2) systemic behaviour of Pu by using ICRP67 model, but also two new models recently reported and (3) additional 'Pu-DTPA' compartments which transfer Pu directly to urinary compartment from blood, interstitial fluids and liver. The best fit of simulations to biological data was obtained by using the new Leggett's systemic model and assuming the presence of three DTPA compartments.

Treatment of accidental intakes of plutonium and americium: guidance notes.

The scientific basis for the treatment of the contamination of the human body by plutonium, americium and other actinides is reviewed. Guidance Notes are presented for the assistance of physicians and others who may be called upon to treat workers or members of the public who may become contaminated internally with inhaled plutonium nitrate, plutonium tributyl phosphate, americium nitrate or americium oxide.