Effects of cholestasis and hyperammonemia on dendritic spine density and turnover in rat hippocampal neurons.

Adults and children with cholestatic liver disease are at risk for type C hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and may present lifelong neurocognitive impairment. While the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are still incompletely understood, ammonium and bile acids (BAs) seem to play a key role in this pathology, by crossing the blood-brain-barrier and modifying neuronal homeostasis and synaptic plasticity. This experimental study aimed to investigate the effects of ammonium and BAs on dendritic spines of rat hippocampal CA1 neurons.

Complementing Braden scale for pressure ulcer risk with clinical and demographic-related factors in a large cohort of hospitalized Italian patients.

Aims: To determine the prevalence, risk, and determinants of pressure ulcer risk in a large cohort of hospitalized patients.

Design: A prospective cross-sectional study with data collection in January 2023.

Methods: Registered nurses collected data from 798 patients admitted to 27 health care units of an Italian hospital.

Developing a Model for Quantifying QTc-Prolongation Risk to Enhance Medication Safety Assessment: A Retrospective Analysis.

There are currently no established methods to predict quantitatively whether the start of a drug with the potential to prolong the QTc interval poses patients at risk for relevant QTc prolongation. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to pave the way for the development of models for estimating QTc prolongation in patients newly exposed to medications with QTc-prolonging potential. Data of patients with a documented QTc prolongation after initiation of a QTc-prolonging drug were extracted from hospital charts.

Infection with SARS-CoV-2 Variants Is Associated with Different Long COVID Phenotypes.

COVID-19 has been associated with a broad range of long-term sequelae, commonly referred to as "long-COVID" or "post-COVID-19" syndrome. Despite an increasing body of literature, long COVID remains poorly characterized. We retrospectively analysed data from electronic medical records of patients admitted to the post-COVID-19 outpatient service of the Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy, between June 2020 and June 2021, 4-12 weeks after hospital discharge.

Factors associated with persistence of symptoms 1 year after COVID-19: A longitudinal, prospective phone-based interview follow-up cohort study.

Objective: To investigate the persistence of symptoms compatible with COVID-19 in a real-file prospective cohort of patients at 12 months from hospital discharge.

Methods: Longitudinal, prospective, single-center, cohort telephone follow-up (FU) study in a Tertiary Care Hospital. All consecutive patients >18 years admitted for COVID-19 were prospectively enrolled in a telephone FU program aimed at monitoring symptoms after 1,3,6,9 and 12 months from hospital discharge.