Publications by authors named "L Giavedoni"
Purpose: To assess long-term redetachment rates of the Pneumatic Retinopexy versus Vitrectomy for the Management of Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Outcomes Randomized Trial (PIVOT).
Design: Randomized controlled trial.
Subjects: PIVOT trial participants.
While simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection is non-pathogenic in naturally infected African nonhuman primate hosts, experimental or accidental infection in rhesus macaques often leads to AIDS. Baboons, widely distributed throughout Africa, do not naturally harbor SIV, and experimental infection of baboons with SIVmac results in transient low-level viral replication. Elucidation of mechanisms of natural immunity in baboons could uncover new targets of antiviral intervention.
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- The viral protein R (Vpr), found in all primate lentiviruses, impacts immune responses and cell-cycle regulation, but its role remains debated.
- Research indicates that the absence of Vpr leads to slower viral replication, heightened immune activation, and improved B and T cell responses in rhesus macaques infected with SIV.
- Overall, Vpr appears to facilitate viral immune evasion and pathogenicity, suggesting that targeting Vpr could enhance immune control over viral replication.
Measurement of the health and disease status of free-ranging primates is often limited by a lack of available biomarkers of immune activation and inflammation that can be applied noninvasively via the measurement of urine or fecal samples. Here, we evaluate the potential usefulness of noninvasive urinary measurements of a number of cytokines, chemokines, and other markers of inflammation and infection. We took advantage of surgery-associated inflammation in seven captive rhesus macaques, collecting urine samples before and after the medical interventions.
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- Mycobacterium avium complex is a common respiratory pathogen in humans, but its disease mechanisms are not well understood due to a lack of suitable animal models for study.
- This research aimed to evaluate how common marmosets respond to M. avium complex pulmonary infection in terms of susceptibility, immune response, and tissue changes.
- Out of seven marmosets inoculated with M. intracellulare, five demonstrated positive lung cultures, showing signs of pneumonitis and differences in cytokine levels, indicating a clear immune response to the infection.