Evaluation of deep learning algorithms in detecting moyamoya disease: a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis.

The diagnosis of Moyamoya disease (MMD) relies heavily on imaging, which could benefit from standardized machine learning tools. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of deep learning (DL) algorithms for MMD by analyzing sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve (AUC) compared to expert consensus. We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for articles published from inception to February 2024.

Safety of withholding perioperative steroids for patients with pituitary resection with an intact hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Introduction: Several observational studies have evaluated the effects of pre-operative steroids (STER) for transsphenoidal pituitary removal in patients with an intact hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. However, a consensus built upon randomized studies has not been previously performed.

Purpose: To comprehensively evaluate the clinical effects of patients receiving STER when compared to those not receiving steroids (NOSTER) in transsphenoidal pituitary resection, a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCT) was conducted.

Optionality in animal communication: a novel framework for examining the evolution of arbitrariness.

A critical feature of language is that the form of words need not bear any perceptual similarity to their function - these relationships can be 'arbitrary'. The capacity to process these arbitrary form-function associations facilitates the enormous expressive power of language. However, the evolutionary roots of our capacity for arbitrariness, i.

Urethral and bladder neck stenosis after thulium laser enucleation of the prostate: Analysis of risk factors in a series of 1003 patients.

We assessed the incidence and risks factors of bladder neck and urethral stenosis after Thulium laser enucleation of the prostate. Patients who underwent surgery at two centres were retrospectively reviewed (December 2014-June 2020). Exclusion criteria: previous urethral/prostatic surgery, pelvic irradiation, prostate cancer, neurogenic bladder, history of bladder neck and urethral stenosis, concomitant transurethral surgery, active urinary tract infection.

Oncological and functional outcome after partial prostate HIFU ablation with Focal-One: a prospective single-center study.

Background: We aimed to evaluate oncological and functional outcomes of index lesion HIFU ablation with Focal-One.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively assessed treatment-naïve men with localized prostate cancer between 2017 and 2019. Inclusion criteria were stage cT ≤ 2, ≥5 years of life expectancy, grade group ≤3.