Tracking of spaceflight-induced bone remodeling reveals a limited time frame for recovery of resorption sites in humans.

Mechanical unloading causes bone loss, but it remains unclear whether disuse-induced changes to bone microstructure are permanent or can be recovered upon reloading. We examined bone loss and recovery in 17 astronauts using time-lapsed high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography and biochemical markers to determine whether disuse-induced changes are permanent. During 6 months in microgravity, resorption was threefold higher than formation.

Latent Structure and Item Functioning of Self-Referent Encoding Task Word Stimuli in Preadolescent Youth.

The Self-Referent Encoding Task (SRET) can be used to measure self-concept via endorsement of trait words, a robust metric associated with depression severity. Our study is the first to investigate the structural validity and item functioning of SRET endorsement scores using confirmatory factor analysis and item response theory. Community-dwelling preadolescent youth ( = 508;  = 12.

Gut microbiome-targeted therapies and bone health across the lifespan: a scoping review.

Emerging evidence suggests that bone turnover is influenced by the gut microbiome through critical bone signaling pathways. The purpose of this scoping review is to examine prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic interventions on bone outcomes in humans across the lifespan. PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost were searched until January 2023 to identify clinical trials examining bone mineral density (BMD) or bone mineral content (BMC) with gut microbiome interventions.

Overexpression of the gene in the frontal cortex of mice causes sex-dependent changes in learning, attention, and anxiety-like behavior.

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a protein that is important for lipid storage, transport, and metabolism. gene variants are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as attentional function in healthy humans. Previous research has shown that transcription is increased following stimulation of the pathway between the locus coeruleus (LC) and frontal cortex (FC) in mice.

Evaluation of cell survival in different 3D-printed geometric shapes of human iPSC-derived engineered heart tissue.

Objectives: Engineered Heart Tissue (EHT) is a promising tool to repair heart muscle defects and can additionally be used for drug testing. Due to the absence of an in vitro vascularization, EHT geometry crucially impacts nutrient and oxygen supply by diffusion capacity. We analyzed cardiomyocyte survival in different EHT geometries.