Metabolic Biomarkers of Liver Failure in Cell Models and Patient Sera: Toward Liver Damage Evaluation In Vitro.

Recent research has concentrated on the development of suitable in vitro cell models for the early identification of hepatotoxicity during drug development in order to reduce the number of animal models and to obtain a better predictability for hepatotoxic reactions in humans. The aim of the presented study was to identify translational biomarkers for acute liver injury in human patients that can serve as biomarkers for hepatocellular injury in vivo and in vitro in simple cell models. Therefore, 188 different metabolites from patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure before and after liver transplantation were analyzed with mass spectrometry.

Improving parasitism success of a weakly virulent parasitoid strain.

Endoparasitoids possess a whole set of virulence factors to counter the immune response of their host, among which can be found venom, endosymbiotic viruses and ovarian proteins. Depending on the species, some factors are expected to be less necessary than others. Notably, venom is reported as inessential in some parasitoids bearing viruses.

Leptin receptor neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus require distinct neuronal subsets for thermogenesis and weight loss.

The dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) receives inputs from the preoptic area (POA), where ambient temperature mediates physiological adaptations of energy expenditure and food intake. Warm-activated POA neurons suppress energy expenditure via brown adipose tissue (BAT) projecting neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus/dorsal hypothalamic area (dDMH/DHA). Our earlier work identified leptin receptor (Lepr)-expressing, BAT-projecting dDMH/DHA neurons that mediate metabolic leptin effects.

Cardiac angiosarcoma: how multimodality imaging and excimer laser assisted intracardiac biopsy led to the correct diagnosis-a case report.

Background: Cardiac angiosarcomas are exceptionally uncommon, and result in significant morbidity and mortality. Utilizing a multimodality approach enhances the characterization of the mass for optimal diagnostic outcomes. The recommended primary treatment involves complete surgical resection coupled with adjuvant radiochemotherapy.