Publications by authors named "L G Kagan"
Gabapentin has variable pharmacokinetics (PK), which contributes to difficulty in dosing and increased risk of adverse events. The objective of this study was to leverage gabapentin concentrations from therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to develop a population PK (popPK) model and characterize significant covariates that impact gabapentin PK. Data were retrospectively collected from 82 hospitalized adult patients with TDM gabapentin concentrations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Obesity can significantly alter how the body processes drugs, particularly affecting the liver and kidneys which are key to drug clearance and absorption.
- A study compared gene expression of drug transporters in liver and kidney tissues between lean and overweight/obese individuals, finding that certain transporters were either up-regulated or down-regulated in obese subjects.
- These changes in transporter gene expression could influence drug pharmacokinetics in obese individuals, requiring more research to better understand the impact on medication dosing and effectiveness.
Article Synopsis
- Epidural opioids, such as methadone and morphine, are used for managing acute postoperative pain, but this study investigates whether methadone provides better localized pain relief (segmental analgesia) than morphine.
- In the study, 13 healthy volunteers received epidural injections of either 4 mg of methadone or morphine and their pain tolerance was tested across different body regions for 24 hours.
- Results showed no significant difference in localized pain relief between the two drugs, although morphine resulted in longer-lasting analgesia and more systemic side effects compared to methadone, which had a better side effect profile.
Purpose: Serotonin (5-HT) receptor antagonists are promising agents for treatment of neuropathic pain. However, insufficient drug exposure at the central nervous system (CNS) might result in lack of efficacy. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of administration of a Pgp inhibitor (tariquidar) on ondansetron exposure in the brain, spinal cord, and cerebrospinal fluid in a wild-type rat model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The investigation of drug disposition in tissues is critical to improving dosing strategy and maximizing treatment effectiveness, yet developing a multi-tissue bioanalytical method could be challenging due to the differences among various matrices. Herein, we developed an LC-MS/MS method tailored for the quantitation of piperacillin (PIP), cefazolin (CFZ), and cefoxitin (CFX) in rat plasma and 12 tissues, accompanied by validation data for each matrix according to the FDA and EMA guidelines.
Results: The method required only a small sample volume (5 μL plasma or 50-100 μL tissue homogenates) and a relatively simple protocol for simultaneous quantitation of PIP, CFZ, and CFX within different biological matrices.