Long-term maternal outcomes 5 years after cesarean section in Sierra Leone: A prospective cohort study.

Cesarean section (CS) is a life-saving procedure when performed for the right indication but carries substantial risks, specifically during subsequent pregnancies. The aim of this study was to evaluate obstetric outcomes for women 5 years after a CS performed by medical doctors and associate clinicians. This was a prospective multi-center observational study of women who had a CS at any of nine hospitals in Sierra Leone.

Associations between Th1-related cytokines and complicated pediatric appendicitis.

The pathogenesis of appendicitis is not understood fully, and the diagnosis can be challenging. Previous research has suggested an association between a T helper (Th) 1-dependent immune response and complicated appendicitis. This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the association between serum concentrations of the Th1-associated cytokines interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A and tumor necrosis factor beta (TNF-β) and the risk of complicated appendicitis in children.

Supranormal differential renal function on MAG3 scan in children with ureteropelvic junction obstruction - Prevalence and pyeloplasty during follow-up.

Background: Children with suspected ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) may present with a paradoxical ipsilateral supranormal differential renal function (snDRF) on Technetium mercaptoacetyltriglycine scintigraphy (MAG3 scan).

Objective: The aim was to investigate the prevalence of snDRF, the risk of pyeloplasty among children with UPJO and snDRF, and to explore the experience of snDRF among international pediatric urologists.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of children with suspected unilateral UPJO who underwent MAG3 scan at four hospitals in Sweden between 2005 and 2020.