Hypoperfusion intensity ratio to differentiate between stroke etiologies in patients with a large vessel occlusion.

Background: Collateral circulation plays a key role in acute ischemic stroke. We sought to determine the association between the arterial collateral status, estimated by the Hypoperfusion Intensity Ratio (HIR) on perfusion MRI, and stroke etiology in anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (LVO).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed anterior circulation LVO acute stroke patients with a baseline perfusion MRI performed within 24 h from symptom onset.

Comprehensive four-year disease progression assessment of myotonic dystrophy type 1.

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a heterogeneous neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and myotonia. This study investigates the progression of muscular strength and function over a four-year period. Patients with DM1 were examined at baseline and four years later.

The Role of Cognition, Affective Symptoms, and Apathy in Treatment Adherence with Noninvasive Home Mechanical Ventilation in Myotonic Dystrophy.

Background: Chronic respiratory failure often occurs in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and can be treated with noninvasive home mechanical ventilation (HMV). Treatment adherence with HMV is often suboptimal in patients with DM1, but the reasons for that are not well understood.

Objective: The aim of this exploratory study was to gain insight in the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment, affective symptoms, and apathy and to investigate their role in HMV treatment adherence in DM1.

Multivalent inhibition of the fumigatus KDNase.

is a saprophytic fungus and opportunistic pathogen often causing fatal infections in immunocompromised patients. Recently KDNAse, an exoglycosidase hydrolyzing 3-deoxy-D-galacto-D--nonulosonic acid (KDN), a rare sugar from the sialic acid family, was identified and characterized. The principal function of KDNAse is still unclear, but a study suggests a critical role in fungal cell wall morphology and virulence.

Eliciting the barriers and enablers towards anaesthetists giving penicillin-based antibiotic prophylaxis to low-risk patients who have had their penicillin allergy label removed as part of a preoperative delabelling process.

Background: Some penicillin allergy labels can be removed by non-allergy specialists by direct oral challenge, but there is reluctance amongst anaesthetists to give penicillin to these patients. We aimed to assess anaesthetist beliefs about giving penicillin to patients delabelled by direct oral challenge.

Methods: A survey, developed using the Theoretical Domains Framework, was circulated to anaesthetists within a regional research network in England.