Evaluation of the surface properties of hair with acoustic emission analysis.

Objective: The tactile sensation of hair is an important consumer-perceivable attribute. There are limited instrumental options to measure the haptic properties of hair. In this study, we introduce a novel technique using the acoustic emissions produced when skin comes in contact with dry hair in a stroking motion.

Probing the textures of composite skin care formulations using large amplitude oscillatory shear.

Identifying meaningful and measurable rheological parameters that shadow the dynamic shear stresses sustained in the initial application and subsequent spreading of structured cosmetic formulations onto the skin is quite challenging. When applied to non-Newtonian soft solids, traditional oscillatory rheological testing tends to best correlate with the “at-rest” state, or, more fundamentally, with the initial and thermodynamically reversible perturbations in the physiochemical networking that binds components of the amalgamated microstructure. In addition, after yielding, as an applied film is further thinned while spreading on the skin surface, shear rates during flow processes may rapidly and dynamically increase to 10⁴ s⁻¹ , which is a magnitude that is not practically simulated with a standard rotational rheometer.

The effect of various cosmetic pretreatments on protecting hair from thermal damage by hot flat ironing.

Hot flat irons are used to create straight hair styles. As these devices operate at temperatures over 200 °C they can cause significant damage to hair keratin. In this study, hair thermal damage and the effect of various polymeric pretreatments were investigated using FTIR imaging spectroscopy, DSC, dynamic vapor sorption (DVS), AFM, SEM, and thermal image analysis.

Protection of oxidative hair color fading from shampoo washing by hydrophobically modified cationic polymers.

The fading of oxidative color in hair as a result of daily shampoo washing activities has become a common problem and a source of frequent complaints by consumers. The fading occurs primarily through hair dye solubility in water. One aspect of the current study investigates the physical and chemical factors that influence hair color fading during the washing process.

Semi-permanent split end mending with a polyelectrolyte complex.

Split ends form through mechanical stresses during grooming procedures and are more likely to appear in hair damaged as a result of excessive combing forces. Although there are no conventional systems that will permanently mend split ends, a semi-permanent mending composition has been achieved through a polyelectrolyte complex. The complex is formed as a result of the ionic association of a cationic polymer, Polyquaternium-28, and an anionic polymer, PVM/MA Copolymer.