Evaluating adult hematuria.

Hematuria, the presence of an increased number of red blood cells in the urine, may be a sign of a serious underlying genitourinary disease. The causes of hematuria may be classified as systemic disorders, those involving the renal parenchyma (glomerular versus tubulointerstitial), or those involving the urinary collecting system. The history, physical examination, and microscopic urinalysis are the key elements in reaching a diagnosis.

Pulmonary resection and chemotherapy for metastatic alveolar soft-part sarcoma.

Alveolar soft-part sarcoma (ASPS) is an unusual tumor of soft tissues; it has invariably ended in death from disseminated disease, and the lung has been the most common site of metastasis. We present a patient with ASPS with bilateral pulmonary metastases who achieved a complete response after bilateral thoracotomies with removal of all gross disease and after combination chemotherapy including vincristine, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin. The patient has now been followed for five years since the appearance of the metastases and has been off therapy for the past 34 months.

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in children.

From a retrospective study at the University of California, San Francisco, Medical Center, it is evident that pneumocystic carinii pneumonia is being seen more frequently as a secondary complication to the use of immunosuppressive drugs. This disease presents with nonspecific respiratory symptoms, therefore a high degree of suspicion and knowledge of the population at risk are necessary for an early diagnosis. Except for x-ray films of the chest, physical and laboratory studies are of minimal diagnostic value.

Compensatory renal hypertrophy after treatment for Wilms' tumor.

In children who undergo nephrectomy for Wilms' tumor, compensatory renal hypertrophy occurs rapidly despite concomitant irradiation and chemotherapy. Review of preoperative and postoperative intravenous pyelograms of 21 children showed all to have significant enlargement of the remaining kidney. Sixty-five per cent renal hypertrophy occurred during the first 2 months after nephrectomy; by 11 months, renal hypertrophy is complete and renal growth is no longer accelerated.

Synaptic vesicles of inhibitory and excitatory TERMINALS IN THE CEREBELLUM.

Populations of synaptic vesicles within cerebellar terminals considered excitatory or inhibitory on the basis of physiological evidence differ with respect to size and shape. Size rather than shape appears to be the main morphological difference between these populations. Elongation of vesicles is depenident on fixation with aldehyde fixatives, and both size and elongation change with age mainly during maturation.