- Gender differences in community responses to a large-scale NGO programme to prevent violence against women in urban India.

Despite striking gender differences in men's and women's engagement in past prevention programmes to stop violence against women (VAW), few empirical studies have determined why such gender differences arise. We did a grounded theory study of a large-scale NGO programme in informal settlements in Mumbai, India, aiming to analyse how gender affects participation in community action to address VAW. We did 27 focus group discussions and 31 semi-structured interviews with 77 women and 36 men, as well as with 9 NGO staff.

Individual interventions, collective lessons: Developing mid-range theory on women's groups to improve health.

Background: Interventions with women's groups have been widely implemented to improve health outcomes in low- and middle-income settings, particularly India. While there is a large evidence base on the effectiveness of single interventions, it is challenging to predict whether a women's group intervention delivered in one setting can be expected to work in another.

Methods: We applied realist principles to develop and refine a mid-range theory on the effectiveness of women's groups interventions, summarised key lessons for implementation, and reflected on the process.

Co-existence of two antibiotic-producing marine bacteria: reduce gene expression and production of the antibacterial compound, tropodithietic acid, in sp.

Many bacteria co-exist and produce antibiotics, yet we know little about how they cope and occupy the same niche. The purpose of the present study was to determine if and how two potent antibiotic-producing marine bacteria influence the secondary metabolome of each other. We established an agar- and broth-based system allowing co-existence of a species and that, respectively, produce tropodithietic acid (TDA) and bromoalterochromides (BACs).