In-flight spraying in aircrafts: determination of the exposure scenario.

Exposure measurements were carried out in parked aircrafts during and after application of a biocide aerosol spray (simulated in-flight spraying). The aerosol product SRA spray (Standard Reference Aerosol Spray) was used for spraying. Concentrations of the pyrethrins--the active ingredients--in the air of the passenger cabin (airborne particles, measured during spray application and 40 minutes afterwards) varied from 11 to 65 microg/m3; those of the synergist piperonyl butoxide were 200-485 microg/m3.

Human biomonitoring of pyrethrum and pyrethroid insecticides used indoors: determination of the metabolites E-cis/trans-chrysanthemumdicarboxylic acid in human urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with negative chemical ionization.

This work describes a gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method employing negative chemical ionization (NCI) for the determination of E-cis/trans-chrysanthemumdicarboxylic acid (CDCA) in human urine used as a biomarker for the exposure to pyrethrum and/or certain pyrethroids in insecticide formulations applied indoors. Mixed-mode solid phase extraction was utilized for sample cleanup. Extraction recoveries ranged from 92 to 104% (2-9% R.

Development of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of household insecticides in indoor air.

This work presents a GC-MS method for the determination of 17 household insecticides and acaricides in indoor air. Air samples were collected with a sampling train which consisted of a glass fibre filter and two polyurethane foam plugs, followed by a high-volume air pump. Filters and plugs were analysed separately.