Growth defect of domain III glycoprotein B mutants of human cytomegalovirus reverted by compensatory mutations co-localizing in post-fusion conformation.

Cell entry is a crucial step for a virus to infect a host cell. Human cytomegalovirus utilizes glycoprotein B (gB) to fuse the viral and host cell membranes upon receptor binding of gH/gL-containing complexes. Fusion is mediated by major conformational changes of gB from a metastable pre-fusion to a stable post-fusion state whereby the central trimeric coiled-coils, formed by domain (Dom)III α helices, remain structurally nearly unchanged.

Racial and ethnic differences in transfusion rates in adolescent scoliosis surgery: Preoperative anemia as a mediator of disparity.

Background: Pediatric patients from minoritized racial and ethnic groups receive red blood cell (RBC) transfusions more frequently while undergoing major surgical procedures. Our objective was to identify the contribution of preoperative anemia to racial and ethnic differences in RBC transfusion rates in adolescent spine surgery.

Study Design And Methods: This is a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric database, 2016 to 2021 for patients in the United States and Canada.

Red Blood Cell Transfusions Are Not Associated With Incident Complications or Poor Outcomes in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background Anemia is associated with poor intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) outcomes, yet the relationship of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions to ICH complications and functional outcomes remains unclear. We investigated the impact of RBC transfusion on hospital thromboembolic and infectious complications and outcomes in patients with ICH. Methods and Results Consecutive patients with spontaneous ICH enrolled in a single-center, prospective cohort study from 2009 to 2018 were assessed.

Impact of Anesthetic Exposures on the Neurocognitive Profiles of Pediatric Brain Tumor Survivors: A New Direction for Research and Multidisciplinary Collaboration.

Primary brain tumors are the most commonly diagnosed solid tumors in children, and pediatric brain tumor survivors experience lasting, pervasive deficits of neurocognitive functioning. Repeated exposure to anesthetic drugs is a necessary component not only of surgical resection but also of multimodal cancer care for the youngest patients with brain tumors. The potential for anesthetic neurotoxicity to worsen neurocognitive outcomes in this vulnerable group, therefore, warrants our attention and further study through multi-disciplinary collaboration.

Allogeneic Red Blood Cell Transfusion and Infectious Complications Following Pediatric Spinal Fusion: NSQIP-P Analysis.

Unlabelled: Substantial bleeding occurs during spinal fusion surgery in the pediatric population, and many patients receive allogeneic red blood cell transfusion (ARBT) for the treatment of resulting perioperative anemia. ARBT is thought to increase vulnerability to postoperative infections following major surgical procedures, but studies of this relationship in children undergoing spinal fusion have yielded conflicting results.

Methods: Patients who underwent spinal fusion before the age of 18 years were identified from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatric (NSQIP-P) 2016 to 2019 databases, along with patient and procedure-specific characteristics, transfusion events and volumes, and postoperative infectious complications such as wound-related infection, pneumonia, urinary tract infection (UTI), and sepsis.