Estimating effective reproduction numbers using wastewater data from multiple sewersheds for SARS-CoV-2 in California counties.

The effective reproduction number serves as a metric of population-wide, time-varying disease spread. During the early years of the COVID-19 pandemic, this metric was primarily derived from case data, which has varied in quality and representativeness due to changes in testing volume, test-seeking behavior, and resource constraints. Deriving nowcasting estimates from alternative data sources such as wastewater provides complementary information that could inform future public health responses.

The CareVirtue Digital Journal for Family and Friend Caregivers of People Living With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias: Exploratory Topic Modeling and User Engagement Study.

Background: As Alzheimer disease (AD) and AD-related dementias (ADRD) progress, individuals increasingly require assistance from unpaid, informal caregivers to support them in activities of daily living. These caregivers may experience high levels of financial, mental, and physical strain associated with providing care. CareVirtue is a web-based tool created to connect and support multiple individuals across a care network to coordinate care activities and share important information, thereby reducing care burden.

gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family , isolated from the hindgut of the marine herbivorous fish .

A Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, obligately anaerobic bacterium, designated strain BP47G, was isolated from the hindgut of a silver drummer () fish collected from the Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate indicated that it belonged to the family in the phylum . The gene sequence of BP47G was most similar to with 95.

Market segmentation by profit status: evidence from hospice.

How do referral networks and medical conditions determine where patients get care? We study this question in the US Hospice Industry, where for-profit hospice programs enroll more long-term care patients and more patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementia. We find that for-profit hospice enrollees have 23% longer lifetime lengths-of-stay in hospice care than not for-profit hospice enrollees with the same medical conditions, institutional referral source, county of residence, and enrollment year. This and other differences in their end-of-life health care utilization suggest that hospice market segmentation is the result of a patient-specific selection mechanism that is partially independent of institutional barriers to hospice care.