Effects of race and income on mortality and use of services among Medicare beneficiaries.

Background: There are wide disparities between blacks and whites in the use of many Medicare services. We studied the effects of race and income on mortality and use of services.

Methods: We linked 1990 census data on median income according to ZIP Code with 1993 Medicare administrative data for 26.

Cost issues in transplantation.

Major clinical progress has been made in recent years in solid organ transplantation. With the exception of kidney transplantation, very little reliable information is available concerning the costs of organ transplantation. This article addresses problems in assessing organ transplantation costs and makes recommendations about research approaches.