The Relevance and Potential Role of Orbital Fat in Inflammatory Orbital Diseases: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment.

The orbit is an important structure within the skull that houses the eye, optic nerve, and extraocular muscles. It also contains adipose/fat tissue, which provides a protective cushion for these components. Inflammatory orbital disease can affect any or all components of the orbit, often arising from various underlying pathologic conditions, including autoimmune, infectious, and vascular diseases.

Explainable deep-learning-based ischemia detection using hybrid O-15 HO perfusion positron emission tomography and computed tomography imaging with clinical data.

Background: We developed an explainable deep-learning (DL)-based classifier to identify flow-limiting coronary artery disease (CAD) by O-15 HO perfusion positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET/CT) and coronary CT angiography (CTA) imaging. The classifier uses polar map images with numerical data and visualizes data findings.

Methods: A DLmodel was implemented and evaluated on 138 individuals, consisting of a combined image-and data-based classifier considering 35 clinical, CTA, and PET variables.

Hybridizing machine learning in survival analysis of cardiac PET/CT imaging.

Background: Machine Learning (ML) allows integration of the numerous variables delivered by cardiac PET/CT, while traditional survival analysis can provide explainable prognostic estimates from a restricted number of input variables. We implemented a hybrid ML-and-survival analysis of multimodal PET/CT data to identify patients who developed myocardial infarction (MI) or death in long-term follow up.

Methods: Data from 739 intermediate risk patients who underwent coronary CT and selectively stress O-water-PET perfusion were analyzed for the occurrence of MI and all-cause mortality.

Synthetic Attenuation Correction Maps for SPECT Imaging Using Deep Learning: A Study on Myocardial Perfusion Imaging.

(1) Background: The CT-based attenuation correction of SPECT images is essential for obtaining accurate quantitative images in cardiovascular imaging. However, there are still many SPECT cameras without associated CT scanners throughout the world, especially in developing countries. Performing additional CT scans implies troublesome planning logistics and larger radiation doses for patients, making it a suboptimal solution.