Evaluating the immediate effects of hoof trimming on dairy goat hoof conformation and joint positions.

Hoof overgrowth in commercial housed dairy goats is a major health and welfare concern; thus, it is important to better understand hoof trimming, a priority practice which addresses hoof growth. We evaluated the immediate effects of trimming on external conformation, internal joint positions, and hoof wall overgrowth of front and hind hooves. Eighty female goats were enrolled.

Evaluating the long-term conformation and hoof growth effects of starting hoof trimming at 5 months of age in New Zealand dairy goats.

Hoof overgrowth is associated with poor conformation, an altered weight-bearing surface, and a reduction in the hoof's anatomic and functional integrity. As a result of housing systems that promote hoof overgrowth, hoof trimming is considered a priority in dairy goats. However, there are few data on the effects of the timing of first trimming on hoof conformation and growth rate.

Recent progress in Pickering emulsions stabilised by bioderived particles.

In recent years, the demand for non-surfactant based Pickering emulsions in many industrial applications has grown significantly because of the option to select biodegradable and sustainable materials with low toxicity as emulsion stabilisers. Usually, emulsions are a dispersion system, where synthetic surfactants or macromolecules stabilise two immiscible phases (typically water and oil phases) to prevent coalescence. However, synthetic surfactants are not always a suitable choice in some applications, especially in pharmaceuticals, food and cosmetics, due to toxicity and lack of compatibility and biodegradability.

Remote control: stereoselective coordination of electron-deficient 2,2'-bipyridine ligands to Re(I) and Ir(III) cores.

Highly diastereoselective coordination of unsymmetrical cationic 2,2'-bipyridine ligands bearing a chiral amidinium substituent to [Re(CO)Cl] and [Ir(PhPy)] cores is reported. Binding strength and stereoselectivity have been correlated with the position of the amidinium group on the bipy. The 4-, 5- and 6-substituted ligands all produce -[Re(CO)(LH)Cl]X selectively, while only the 4-derivative gives preferred formation of Δ-[Ir(Phpy)(4-LH)](BF).

The Development of a Hoof Conformation Assessment for Use in Dairy Goats.

The assessment of hoof conformation is important due to its recognized relationship with the biomechanical functionality of the hoof. Hoof conformation can be assessed using objective measures or subjective scores. However, to date, there are limited data using either method in dairy goats.