Pre-clinical formulation screening, development and stability of acetyl aspartic acid for cosmetic application.

Background: Acetyl aspartic acid (A-A-A) was discovered through gene array analysis with corresponding connectivity mapping (Cmap). Using an in silico and in vitro approach, A-A-A was found increased keratinocyte regeneration, inhibited dermal expression of MMP making this compound a potential active ingredient for cosmetic application.

Objectives: To determine the conditions to successfully formulate A-A-A for skin delivery investigation and in vivo clinical assessment by the systematic approach of pre-formulation testing of the active, screening of formulation type on active delivery and stability evaluations.

In vitro and in vivo dermal absorption assessment of acetyl aspartic acid: a compartmental study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dermal absorption of acetyl aspartic acid (A-A-A) through an in vitro and in vivo evaluation with human skin after 6 and 24 h of topical application of a cosmetic formulation containing A-A-A at 1%.

Methods: The in vitro experiment was carried out using the Franz diffusion cells system with ex vivo human skin samples. The profile of diffusion of A-A-A was evaluated after 6 and 24 h.

Benzophenone-3 entrapped in solid lipid microspheres: formulation and in vitro skin evaluation.

Solid lipid microspheres (SLM), lipid-in-water formulations made from oil-and-wax mixtures, were studied concerning feasibility. SLMs were then loaded with a benzophenone-3, water insoluble UVAB-filter intended for dermal application. Microspheres were prepared by dispersion with homogenisers and investigated by polarizing micrography and scanning electron micrography.

Irradiation of skin and contrasting effects on absorption of hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds.

Increasing legal requirements for risk assessment and efficacy testing in the dermo-cosmetic field have led to the development of alternative test methods. In this study, the porcine skin model was chosen to test the effect of irradiation on the penetration habits of UV filters and caffeine. For decades, the pig has been recognized as an experimental animal in biomedical research thanks to its morphological and physiological similarities to humans.

The influence of alcohol, propylene glycol and 1,2-pentanediol on the permeability of hydrophilic model drug through excised pig skin.

Alcohol and glycol including 1,2-pentanediol, a new product in this field, were examined for their transdermal penetration enhancing in vitro properties using pig skin and caffeine as a model drug. In order to investigate a possible influence of these compounds, we followed diffusion from an aqueous solution with caffeine followed by a series of different vehicles, their compositions were: (1) in water as a control; (2) in propylene glycol/ethanol/water (25:25:48; v/v/v); (3) in 1,2-pentanediol/water (2.5:95.