Publications by authors named "L Diero"
Tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant global health threat, with high mortality rates if left untreated. Current sputum-based TB treatment monitoring methods face numerous challenges, particularly in relation to sample collection and analysis. This pilot study explores the potential of TB status assessment using DNA methylation (DNAm) signatures, which are gaining recognition as diagnostic and predictive tools for various diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and liver steatosis and fibrosis among people with HIV (PLWH) at least 40 years of age on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in low and middle-income countries (LMIC).
Design: We used cross-sectional behavioral and clinical data collected during study enrollment visits in 2020-2022 for the Sentinel Research Network of International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (SRN of IeDEA).
Methods: Ten-year CVD risk was calculated using 2019 WHO nonlaboratory and laboratory models.
We sought to investigate the association between hazardous alcohol use and gaps in care for people living with HIV over a long-term follow-up period. Adults who had participated in our previously published Phase I study of hazardous alcohol use at HIV programs in Kenya and Uganda were eligible at their 42 to 48 month follow-up visit. Those who re-enrolled were followed for an additional ~ 12 months.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of infectious death globally, prompting the need for efficient diagnostic methods, which this study explores using buccal swabs to analyze DNA methylation signatures as a potential diagnostic tool.
- Researchers collected buccal swabs from TB patients, those exposed to TB, and healthy controls in Sweden, discovering 5,644 significant differentially methylated CpG sites that helped distinguish patients from controls.
- Validation in cohorts from Kenya and Peru provided a classifier using seven specific CpG sites, achieving high accuracy with an AUC of 0.94, indicating strong potential for using DNAm signatures in TB diagnostics.
Background: The HIV care cascade is a framework to examine effectiveness of HIV programs and progress toward global targets to end the epidemic but has been conceptualized as a unidirectional process that ignores cyclical care patterns. We present a dynamic cascade that accounts for patient "churn" and apply novel analytic techniques to readily available clinical data to robustly estimate program outcomes and efficiently assess progress toward global targets.
Methods: Data were assessed for 35,649 people living with HIV and receiving care at 78 clinics in East Africa between 2014 and 2020.