[From HIV screening to diagnosis : indications, tests, and post-exposure prophylaxis].

Despite the substantial national resources invested in the fight against HIV to achieve its elimination, its incidence has remained stable in recent years. In 2022, the FOPH estimated that 7% of people living with HIV in Switzerland remained undiagnosed, underlining the potential for improving screening. The aim of this article is to present the process of HIV screening and diagnosis in clinical practice, adapted to the Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH) national strategy, and including the different indications for screening, the interpretation of available tests, and the place of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP).

[Infectious disease: what's new in 2022].

While recent epidemics have generated particular interest in viral infections, it should be noted that diagnostic, prophylactic or therapeutic innovations concerning other pathogens are not lacking. New vaccines (malaria, shingles) but new viruses (Lengya, child hepatitis), new therapeutic options against disabling parasitic diseases and bacteria becoming more and more resistant, including tuberculosis, shortening of treatment durations (tuberculosis, endocarditis), new diagnostic tests (borreliosis) are, among others, some notable recent innovations.

Nosocomial influenza in south-western Swiss hospitals during two seasonal epidemics: an observational study.

Background: In Switzerland each year, influenza leads to between 112,000 and 275,000 medical consultations. Data on nosocomial influenza infection are limited.

Aim: To describe nosocomial cases of seasonal influenza in south-western Switzerland.

[Antiretrovirals: drug and food interactions].

As with antibiotics, antiretroviral drugs used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection are subject to multiple drug interactions. Although less well known than those of antibiotics, these interactions can sometimes have very severe consequences. The main objective of this article is therefore to make practitioners in the ambulatory practice or in the hospital aware of the main inter actions of antiretroviral therapies with drugs frequently used in daily clinical practice, but also to discuss the influence of food.

[The flu in its worse forms].

Influenza A and B infections are marred with variable morbidity and, in some cases, develop into severe or even fatal respiratory, circulatory and neurologic complications. Respiratory complications are most common and involve primary-Influenza pneumonia and pneumonia from bacterial or fungal superinfections. Nonrespiratory complications can affect several organs/systems, namely the heart (myocarditis, type 1 and 2 myocardial infarction) and the nervous system (stroke, encephalitis, Guillain-Barré Syndrome).