The Salivary Mycobiome Contains 2 Ecologically Distinct Mycotypes.

A broad range of fungi has been detected in molecular surveys of the oral mycobiome. However, knowledge is still lacking on interindividual variability of these communities and the ecologic and clinical significance of oral fungal commensals. In this cross-sectional study, we use internal transcribed spacer 1 amplicon sequencing to evaluate the salivary mycobiome in 59 subjects, 36 of whom were scheduled to receive cancer chemotherapy.

Integrated Analysis of Clinical and Microbiome Risk Factors Associated with the Development of Oral Candidiasis during Cancer Chemotherapy.

Oral candidiasis is a common side effect of cancer chemotherapy. To better understand predisposing factors, we followed forty-five subjects who received 5-fluorouracil- or doxorubicin-based treatment, during one chemotherapy cycle. Subjects were evaluated at baseline, prior to the first infusion, and at three additional visits within a two-week window.

Chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis is associated with detrimental bacterial dysbiosis.

Background: Gastrointestinal mucosal injury (mucositis), commonly affecting the oral cavity, is a clinically significant yet incompletely understood complication of cancer chemotherapy. Although antineoplastic cytotoxicity constitutes the primary injury trigger, the interaction of oral microbial commensals with mucosal tissues could modify the response. It is not clear, however, whether chemotherapy and its associated treatments affect oral microbial communities disrupting the homeostatic balance between resident microorganisms and the adjacent mucosa and if such alterations are associated with mucositis.

Transient bacteremia induced by dental cleaning is not associated with infection of central venous catheters in patients with cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of bacteremia resulting from dental cleaning and of subsequent established bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by oral microorganisms in patients with cancer with central venous catheters (CVCs).

Study Design: Twenty-six patients with cancer with CVCs and absolute neutrophil count over 1000 cells/µL received dental cleaning without antibiotic prophylaxis. Periodontal status was assessed at baseline by using the Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR) score.