Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. The lower the glomerular filtration rate, the higher the CV risk.
Summary: Current data suggest that several uremic toxins lead to vascular inflammation and oxidative stress that, in turn, lead to endothelial dysfunction, changes in smooth muscle cells' phenotype, and increased degradation of elastin and collagen fibers.
In biological control, joint releases of predators and parasitoids are standard. However, intraguild predation (IGP) can occur when a predator attacks a parasitoid, potentially affecting pest control dynamics. In addition to the focal prey (FP), , the intraguild predator (IG-predator) can consume the parasitoid (IG-prey).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To assess the reversibility of retinal microvascular changes in the long term and to investigate the potential links with other vascular diseases of COVID-19.
Methods: We designed a prospective multicenter observational study. Patients were enrolled from the Methuselah study cohort.