Monoclonal antibodies for the analysis of gossypol in cottonseed products.

Immunogens, prepared by conjugating either (+)-gossypol or (-)-gossypol to Limulus polyphemushemolymph protein, were used for immunization in the production of monoclonal antibodies. Hybridoma were evaluated for their relative affinity to racemic gossypol, (+)-gossypol, (-)-gossypol, gossypol analogues, and their lysine derivatives. The monoclonal antibody obtained showed higher affinity to gossypol and gossypol analogues as compared to their lysine derivative counterparts.

High-affinity monoclonal antibodies for detection of the microbial metabolite, 2-methylisoborneol.

The production of 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) by certain fungi and algae can contribute musty off-flavors to foods and water supplies if uncontrolled. The goal of this research was to develop a nonsensory simple method for the detection of MIB. Anti-MIB monoclonal antibodies were produced by immunizing mice with borneol-conjugated protein and selecting positive clones with an MIB-protein conjugate.

Acute toxicity assessment of azadirachtin-based pesticides using murine hybridoma and oyster cells.

In vitro acute toxicities of azadirachtin-containing pesticides (Neemix and Bioneem), formulated with neem tree extracts, and pure azadirachtin (AZA), the believed active ingredient, were studied using hybridoma and oyster cells and were compared to results obtained using the standard in vivo Daphnia pulex toxicity assay. Neem-based pesticides showed relatively high toxicity to both hybridoma and oyster cells at concentrations of 1 microg AZA/mL and higher. The IC50 values for hybridoma cells were 2.

Phase II enzyme-inducing and antioxidant activities of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) extracts from phenotypes of different pigmentation.

Free-radical scavenging, reducing, and phase II enzyme-inducing activities of aqueous and 5% aqueous ethanol extracts of freeze-dried root tissue of four beet (Beta vulgaris L.) strains (red, white, orange, and high-pigment (red) phenotypes) were determined. Aqueous and ethanolic tissue extracts of the regular and high-pigment red phenotypes were most capable of inhibiting metmyoglobin/H(2)O(2)-mediated oxidation of 2-2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2'-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-mediated bleaching of beta-carotene.