The effects of dietary loading on the transdifferentiation of condylar chondrocytes.

Introduction: Transdifferentiation of chondrocytes into bone cells explains most condylar growth during prenatal and early postnatal stages, but the mechanisms regulating chondrocyte transdifferentiation during late postnatal growth remain unknown. This study aimed to quantify the effects of dietary loading on chondrocyte-derived osteogenesis during late postnatal condylar growth.

Methods: Two compound mouse lines were used to trace the fate of chondrocyte lineage in vivo.

Short-term skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of overexpansion.

Objectives: To evaluate whether the amount of rapid maxillary expansion differentially affects the skeletal and dentoalveolar changes that occur.

Materials And Methods: This randomized controlled trial included 23 patients who had rapid maxillary expansion (RME). Subjects were randomly assigned to a conventional expansion control group (n = 12) or an overexpansion group (n = 11), who started treatment at 13.

A predictive model of "favorable" and "unfavorable" anteroposterior skeletal relations among Class Is and Class IIs.

Objectives: To validate the use of the sagittal distance between ANS and Pg (ANSPg) as a measure of favorable and unfavorable anteroposterior skeletal relations and to identify multivariate cephalometric measures that could be used to predict favorable and unfavorable relations at 15 years of age.

Materials And Methods: This longitudinal study included 226 untreated adolescents evaluated at 10 and 15 years of age. Patients were grouped as "favorable" or "unfavorable" based on the ANSPg (measured parallel to S-N -7°) at 15 years of age (ANSPg15).

Stability of immediately loaded 3 mm long miniscrew implants: a feasibility study.

Introduction: Shorter miniscrew implants (MSIs) are needed to make orthodontics more effective and efficient.

Objective: To evaluate the stability, insertion torque, removal torque and pain associated with 3 mm long MSIs placed in humans by a novice clinician.

Methods: 82 MSIs were placed in the buccal maxillae of 26 adults.

Keys to Class II correction: A comparison of 2 extraction protocols.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 2 extraction patterns on incisor and molar movements in patients with growing Class II Division 1.

Methods: The sample included 54 patients 10-17 years of age treated by 2 private practice orthodontists using Tweed directional force mechanics, 4 premolar extractions, J-hook headgears, and Class II elastics or Saif springs. The sample was divided on the basis of having maxillary and mandibular first premolars (4/4) or maxillary first and mandibular second premolars (4/5) extracted.